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符腾堡王国

Order of the Württemberg Crown 符腾堡皇冠勋章
大十字级符腾堡皇冠勋章

The Order of the Württemberg Crown was an order of chivalry in Württemberg.
符腾堡皇冠勋章是符腾堡骑士阶级的一种勋章。

First established in 1702 as the St.-Hubertus-Jagdorden (Order of St. Hubert), in 1807 it was renamed the "Ritterorden vom Goldenen Adler" (Order of the Golden Eagle) by Frederick I, and on 23 September 1818 renewed and restructured (at the same time as the civil orders) by William I as the "Order of the Württemberg Crown" with (initially) 3 classes (grand cross, komtur, knight). In 1918 the order was expanded and changed.
此勋章最早是设立于1702年的圣·休伯特勋章，1807年被弗里德里克一世更名为“金鹰骑士勋章”（据德文翻译），1818年9月23日威廉一世将其命名为“符腾堡皇冠勋章”（同时修改的还有平民版皇冠勋章），当时设有大十字级、司令官级（Komtur是日耳曼骑士的一种级别，通常是军团的指挥官。参考同类勋奖章的命名方法后，故将Komtur译为“司令官”——小人物注）和骑士级共三个级别。1918年，此勋章被扩充级别。

It's motto reads : Furchtlos und trew (fearless and true). Until 1913 the higher orders were restricted to the nobility. In descending order, its ranks were:

Grand cross for sovereigns
Grand cross
Komtur with star (since 1889)
Komtur
Honour cross (since 1892)
Knight (since 1892 with golden lions, and since 1864 also with a crown, as a special honour)
gold Verdienstmedaille
silver Verdienstmedaille (abolished 1892)
勋章上的铬文为：Furchtlos und trew（勇敢忠诚）。至于1913年前，高级别的皇冠勋章一直是贵族的专属。其级别排列如下：
君主大十字级
大十字级
司令官级附加星芒章（1889年设立）
司令官级
荣誉十字级（1892年设立）
骑士级（1892年起附有金狮装饰，1864年又设立了皇冠装饰，两者皆表示特别荣誉）
金质奖章
银质奖章

司令官级符腾堡皇冠勋章及星芒章


The order's cross was a white enameled Maltese cross with gold lions in its four angles. The lions came as standard for the grand cross and Komtur, but were only on knight's crosses as a special honour. On the upper arm, a golden crown was secured by means of two gold bands, from which - except in the honour cross in stuck form - the cross hung. All grades could since 1866 be awarded with swords. With the changes of 1890, the swords were only granted in awards of a higher class. Since 1892 the lowest grades (1870-1886 knight 2nd class, after that honour-cross) also had the special honours of golden lion and (since 1864) lion added.
勋章章体为涂有白色珐琅的马耳他十字，每两个角之间饰有一个金狮。金狮为大十字级和司令官级的标准装饰，骑士级的金狮装饰只作为特别荣誉。另一项作为特别荣誉的，是在十字章体顶部装饰是一个金质皇冠。从1866年起，所有级别的勋章都能附加佩剑装饰。1890年，又规定佩剑饰只能装饰在高级别勋章上。1892年以后，低级别的勋章（1870-1886年版二级骑士级，等级在荣誉十字级之后）也能附加金狮以表示特别荣誉。

The grand-cross was a silver 8-pointed star in whose middle was a reduced cross in a medallion with a circular motto in the centre. Sovereigns received the star in gold. The Komtur (since 1889 no longer of the Komtur with star) had a 4-pointed silver star whose rays went through the cross angles.

大十字级是一枚银质八角星芒章，中间刻有铭文。君主大十字级为金质星芒章。而司令官级则是银质四角星芒章。

The ribbon was carmine red with black stripes and carmine borders. Members of reigning houses received insignia of the grand-cross with a ribbon in scarlet.
皇冠勋章的授带主体为深红色，带有黑色条纹，边缘仍为深红色。统治阶级的大十字级勋章授带则为鲜红色。

Many awards were made - in the First World War alone, the numbers were:


Grand cross with swords: 6
Komtur with star and swords: 6
Komtur with swords: 75
Ehrenkreuz with swords: ca. 160
Knight cross with swords and lions: 80
Knight cross with swords: insgesamt ca. 350
Gold Verdienstmedaille: 141


As an extraordinary instance, the grand-cross "in Brillanten" was granted to Reichskanzler Otto von Bismarck in 1871.
此勋章在历史上被大量授予，下面只是一战中的颁发情况：
大十字级：6枚
佩剑司令官级附加星芒章：6枚
佩剑司令官级：75枚
佩剑荣誉十字级：约160枚
佩剑雄狮骑士级：80枚
佩剑骑士级：约350枚
金质奖章：141枚
历史上还有一枚特制的“钻石大十字级”于1871年颁发给帝国首相奥托·冯·俾斯麦。

佩剑荣誉十字级符腾堡皇冠勋章


佩剑雄狮骑士级符腾堡皇冠勋章


佩剑骑士级符腾堡皇冠勋章


The Military Merit Order 军事功勋勋章
骑士级军事功勋勋章


The Military Merit Order (Militärverdienstorden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Württemberg, a member state of the German Empire. The order was one of the older military orders of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on February 11, 1759 by Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg as the Militär-Carls-Orden, and was renamed the Militärverdienstorden on November 11, 1806 by King Friedrich I. The order underwent several more revisions over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became obsolete with the fall of the Württemberg monarchy in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.

军事功勋勋章是符腾堡王国的军事勋章，也是德意志帝国最古老的军事勋章之一。由符腾堡公爵卡尔·欧根于1759年2月11日设立，最初名为卡尔军事勋章，1806年11月11日，弗里德里希一世国王将其更名为军事功勋勋章。此勋章在19世纪末20世纪初经历了几次修改，由于德国战败及符腾堡君主体制的崩溃，军事功勋勋章被废除。

The order came in three classes: Grand Cross (Großkreuz), Commander's Cross (Kommandeurkreuz) and Knight's Cross (Ritterkreuz). Generally, the rank of the recipient determined which grade he would receive. Between 1799 and 1919, there were an estimated 95 awards of the Grand Cross, 214 of the Commander's Cross, and 3,128 of the Knight's Cross, with the bulk of these awards made in World War I; the numbers may only cover native Württembergers.

此勋章共设有三个级别：大十字级，司令官级和骑士级。一般获得者的军衔决定了所获得勋章的等级。从1799年至1919年，总共颁发了95枚大十字级，214枚司令官级和3128枚骑士级，其中大多数是在一战中颁发的；上述数字也许只是符腾堡本地人的获得数。


The badge of the order was a white-enameled gold cross pattée with curved arms and slightly concave edges. Around the white-enameled center medallion was a blue-enameled gold ring bearing on both sides the motto "Furchtlos und trew" ("Fearless and loyal"). On the obverse, the medallion bore a green-enameled gold laurel wreath. On the reverse, the medallion bore the monogram of the king of Württemberg at the time of award. The cross was the same size for the Grand Cross and the Commander's Cross, and slightly smaller for the Knight's Cross. The Grand Cross and Commander's Cross, and from 1870 the Knight's Cross, were topped with a crown. On September 25, 1914, the crown was removed from all grades.
勋章章体是涂有白色珐琅的金质十字。勋章中央正反两面的蓝色珐琅圆环上都有铭名“Furchtlos und trew”（勇敢忠诚）。勋章正面是金质绿色珐琅月桂花环。背面则是符腾堡王国的字母组合。大十字级与司令官级大小相同，骑士级相对小一些。原先大十字级和司令官级，以及1870版骑士级附有皇冠装饰。1914年9月25日，取消了这一装饰。


The star of the order, awarded with the Grand Cross only, was a gold-rimmed silver eight-pointed star featuring the ringed medallion of the obverse of the cross.
只有在颁发大十字级时才会附加星芒章，是一枚正面镶金边、银质八角星芒形奖章。


Friedrich Order 弗里德里希勋章
佩剑司令官级弗里德里希勋章及星芒章


The Friedrichs-Orden was Württemberg's basic order for civil and military merit, filling roughly the same niche that the Order of the Zähringen Lion filled in Baden and the Albrechts-Orden did in Saxony. It was founded on January 11, 1830 by King Wilhelm I. As with the Order of the Württemberg Crown, swords were authorized on September 19, 1870 as a distinction for merit before the enemy. Originally a one-class order, in 1856 it was divided into a regular system of classes - Grand Cross (Großkreuz), Commander 1st Class (Komturkreuz I. Klasse, distinguished by the addition of a breast star), Commander 2nd Class (Komturkreuz II. Klasse), and Knight's Cross (Ritterkreuz). The Grand Cross could additionally be awarded with a crown. In 1886, the Knight's Cross was divided into a Knight 1st Class (Ritterkreuz I. Klasse) and Knight 2nd Class (Ritterkreuz II. Klasse). In 1892, a Merit Medal of the Order (Verdienstmedaille des Ordens) was established.
弗里德里希勋章是授予平民与军人的一种基本奖章，其级别与巴登的宰林根雄狮勋章（此勋章介绍详见后文）、萨克森的阿尔伯特勋章类似。它于1830年1月11日由威廉一世国王设立。1870年9月19日规定，颁发给那些在面对敌人时表现勇敢的获得者时可以附加与符腾堡皇冠勋章一样的佩剑装饰。在设立之初，它只有一个级别，但到了1856年，成了一种设有不同等级的勋章，共设立有：大十字级（附星芒章）、一级司令官级（同时附有星芒章）、二级司令官级和骑士级。大十字级还能附加皇冠装饰。1886年，骑士级又被分成一级骑士级和二级骑士级。1892年，设立了弗里德里希功勋奖章。



一级佩剑司令官级弗里德里希勋章及配发的星芒章（二级司令官无星芒章）


Dr. K.-G. Klietmann gives the following numbers for awards with swords in World War I: Großkreuz mit der Krone mit Schwertern (11), Großkreuz mit Schwertern (12), Komturkreuz I. Klasse mit Schwertern (19), Komturkreuz II. Klasse mit Schwertern (49), Ritterkreuz I. Klasse mit Schwertern (1,766), and Ritterkreuz II. Klasse mit Schwertern (5,111). Whether this includes all awards or only native Württembergers and soldiers in Württemberg units is unknown.

下面是K·G·克里特曼博士给出的一战中颁发情况：
皇冠佩剑大十字级 11枚；
佩剑大十字级 12枚；
一级司令官级 19枚；
二级司令官级 49枚；
一级骑士级 1766枚；

二级骑士级 5111枚。
目前不清楚以上是否只是授予给符腾堡本地人的数字。

As with all Württemberg orders, the grade of award was based primarily on the rank of the recipient. Among junior officers, the Ritterkreuz II. Klasse mit Schwertern was typically awarded to Oberleutnante and Leutnante (and their naval equivalents), while the Ritterkreuz I. Klasse mit Schwertern went to majors .
与符腾堡其它勋章一样，获得者的军衔决定了获得勋章的级别。比如二级佩剑骑士级通常颁发给中尉或少尉军官（海军则与之相等），而一级佩剑骑士级则通常授予给少校。


Note: Klasse as the obverse and reverse are essentially the same. Only the Großkreuz had a different reverse.
注意一点，除了大十字级以外，此勋章正反两面图案相同。

一级佩剑骑士级弗里德里希勋章及包装盒


二级佩剑骑士级弗里德里希勋章



Wilhelm Cross 威廉十字奖章
皇冠佩剑威廉十字奖章

The Wilhelm Cross was established on September 13, 1915 in four classes/divisions: the Wilhelm Cross (for merit in war in the homeland), the Wilhelm Cross (for other merit), the Wilhelm Cross with Swords, and the Wilhelm Cross with Swords and Crown. The Wilhelm Cross ranked after orders but ahead of the Merit Cross and all other Württemberg decorations. The two versions of the Wilhelm Cross without Swords were for civilian merit in connection with the war effort or otherwise, while the Wilhelm Cross with Swords was intended to reward non-combat merit by Württemberg soldiers. The Wilhelm Cross with Swords and Crown was a higher grade of the Wilhelm Cross with Swords. Dr. Klietmann gives the following award numbers: Wilhelm Cross without swords (1,943), Wilhelm Cross with Swords (5,329), and Wilhelm Cross with Swords and Crown (108).
威廉十字奖章设立于1915年9月13日，分为四个种类：威廉十字奖章（授予后方有功人员）、威廉十字奖章（授予其他功勋）、佩剑威廉十字奖章以及皇冠佩剑威廉十字奖章。此奖章的级别仅低于各类勋章而高于任何其它功勋十字奖章和符腾堡奖章。授予平民的无剑十字章存在两个版本，以区别战时或和平时颁发，有意思的是，拥有非战斗功绩的符腾堡士兵也能获得佩剑版奖章。毫无疑问，皇冠佩剑威廉十字奖章高于佩剑威廉十字奖章。以下是克里特曼博士的统计的颁发情况：1943枚无剑版、5329枚佩剑版以及108枚皇冠佩剑版。

佩剑威廉十字奖章


Merit Cross with Swords 佩剑功勋十字奖章


King Wilhelm II founded the Merit Cross on July 2, 1900 as an award for merit of all types. It ranked ahead of other decorations and just after orders. Swords were authorized on January 29, 1915, with the requirement that the recipient already have the Iron Cross and be a native Württemberger (although this latter requirement was waived on occasion). Klietmann states that there were 2,284 awards of the Merit Cross with Swords during World War I.

由威廉二世国王于1900年7月2日设立，授予任何有功人员。其等级仅次于勋章而高于其他奖章。佩剑版于1915年1月29日创立，授予对象是已获得铁十字勋章的符腾堡人（虽然有时也会破例）。据克里特曼的统计在一战中共颁发了2284枚佩剑功勋十字奖章。


Golden Military Merit Medal 金质军事功勋奖章



The Golden Military Merit Medal was founded in 1800. Until 1806, it was an award for officers. In 1806, non-commissioned officers were made eligible. In 1818, the Golden Military Merit Medal was made a decoration solely for non-commissioned officers and the Silver Military Merit Medal described below was only for regular enlisted soldiers. At some point around the beginning of World War I, officers were again made eligible for the Golden Military Merit Medal. During the war, according to Dr. Klietmann's statistics, there were 4,234 awards of the Golden Military Merit Medal, of which 1,832 were to officers, almost entirely Leutnante and Oberleutnante. As noted above under the Military Merit Order, in November 1917 a golden wreath was authorized when just the ribbon was worn to distinguish the Golden Military Merit Medal from the Military Merit Order and the Silver Military Merit Medal.
金质军事功勋奖章设立于1800年。1806年以前，它只授予给军官，以后范围扩大到所有符合要求的军士与士兵。1818年规定金质军事功勋奖章颁发给军士，授予给士兵的是银质军事功勋奖章。一战之初，军官也是可以获得此奖章的。据克里特曼博士的统计，战争期间共颁发了4234枚金质军事功勋奖章，其中1832枚颁发给军官，很奇怪的是，几乎所有的军官获得者都是中尉或少尉。需要注意一点，1917年11月出现了金质花环装饰，用于装饰在金质/银质军事功勋奖章的授带上。


Silver Military Merit Medal 银质军事功勋奖章




The Silver Military Merit Medal was the kingdom's basic bravery medal for enlisted soldiers. It was founded on May 30, 1794, and was thus one of the oldest enlisted bravery decorations in the world. Austria's Bravery Medal and Russia's Medal "For Bravery" in 1789, and Prussia's Golden Military Merit Medal in 1793, predated it. Bavaria's Golden Military Merit Medal came a few months later, on October 30, 1794. Saxony's Golden Military Merit Medal arrived in 1796. The Golden Medal was still relatively prestigious, but by World War I the Silver Military Merit Medal was roughly equivalent to Prussia's Iron Cross 2nd Class. It was awarded over 201,000 times during the course of the war.
银质军事功勋奖章是王国颁发给有功士兵的主要奖章之一。设立于1794年5月30日，因此也是世界上最古老的勇敢奖章之一，另外几种是奥地利勇敢奖章、1789年设立的俄国“因为勇敢”奖章和普鲁士于1793年设立的金质军事功勋奖章。巴伐利亚金质军事功勋奖章设立于1794年10月30日，比它晚了数个月。萨克森金质军事功勋奖章则设立于1796年。虽然金质奖章级别比较高，但在一战中，银质功勋奖章仍然等同于普鲁士的二级铁十字勋章。战争期间此勋章至少颁发了20万1千枚。

Charlotte Cross 夏洛特十字奖章



The Charlotte Cross was a decoration primarily for war aid. It was founded by King Wilhelm II on January 5, 1916 "for persons without regard to class or gender who have done great service in the field or in the homeland in the care of the wounded and sick or in the area of general war aid."
夏洛特十字奖章于1916年1月5日由威廉二世国王设立，授予给“在战时状态下为国家作出突出贡献，不论身处前线还是后方、所有社会阶层的男女辅助人员”。

巴登大公国

Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order 卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋勋章
骑士级卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋勋章



Militärischer Karl-Friedrich-Verdienstorden was Baden's highest military honor and one of the most prestigious such honors among the German states. It was established on April 4, 1807 and came in three classes until 1818, when the Commander's Cross was divided into two grades.

卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋勋章是巴登最高级别的军事荣誉并且在各城邦中享有很高的声望。它于1807年4月4日设立，最初只有三级，1818年开始将司令官级分成了两个级别，因为共设四个级别，即大十字级、（附星芒章的）司令官级、司令官级、骑士级。


The following table shows the numbers awarded among the different classes:
1807-1817 1818-1865 1866-1913 1914-1918
Grand Cross 12 10 10 9
Commander's Cross with Breast Star - 4 14 8
Commander's Cross 58 20 4 2
Knight's Cross 295 40 183 288
下面是各个时期的颁发情况：
1807年-1817年：12枚大十字级、58枚司令官级（此时还没有设立附星芒章的司令官级）、295枚骑士级；
1818年-1865年：10枚大十字级、4枚（附星芒章）司令官级、20枚司令官级、40枚骑士级；
1866年-1913年：10枚大十字级、14枚（附星芒章）司令官级、4枚司令官级、183枚骑士级；
1914年-1918年：9枚大十字级、8枚（附星芒章）司令官级、2枚司令官级、288枚骑士级。

大十字级卡尔·弗里德里希军事勋章的星芒章


Order of Berthold the First 贝托尔德一世勋章
司令官级贝托尔德一世勋章



This order was founded on April 29, 1877 as a higher grade of the Order of the Zähringen Lion, and was originally called the Order of Berthold I of Zähringen (Orden Berthold I. von Zähringen). On September 9, 1896, the order was revised and new statutes enacted. It became a separate order from the Order of the Zähringen Lion, ranking ahead of that order and below the House Order of Loyalty and the MKFVO. It came in four grades - Grand Cross, Commander's Cross 1st Class, Commander's Cross and Knight's Cross - and could be awarded with swords "for distinguished conduct in the face of the enemy" ("für ausgezeichnetes Verhalten vor dem Feinde"). Nevertheless, awards with and without swords were extremely rare. Although sources differ on the totals, it appears that approximately 700 awards were made in all grades, and approximately 60 of these were with swords. All but two of the swords awards, both Knight's Crosses, were in World War One.
此勋章设立于1877年4月29日，由于其级别高于宰林根雄狮勋章（此勋章介绍详见下文——小人物注），因此也常被称为宰林根贝托尔德一世勋章。1896年9月9日，根据新的条例，它从宰林根雄狮勋章中分离出来，在级别上仅低于王室忠诚勋章和卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋勋章。勋章共分四个等级：大十字级、一级司令官级、司令官级和骑士级，授予战斗人员时会附加佩剑装饰。然而，无论是佩剑版还是无剑版都非常罕见。据各方统计，此勋章一共只颁发了大约700枚，其中60枚为佩剑版。几乎所有的佩剑版都是一战时颁发的骑士级。


佩剑大十字级贝托尔德一世勋章的星芒章


佩剑骑士级贝托尔德一世勋章
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Order of the Zähringen Lion 宰林根雄狮勋章
二级橡叶佩剑司令官级宰林根雄狮勋章（两个级别的司令官级勋章区别仅在于有无星芒章）




The Order of the Zähringen Lion(German: Orden vom Zähringer Löwen), considered by many to be one of the most attractive German orders, was Baden's main order. It was founded on December 26, 1812, and awards with swords were authorized in 1866. There were originally three classes - Grand Cross, Commander's Cross and Knight's Cross. In 1840, the Commander's Cross was divided into two classes, distinguished by the addition of a breast star for the Commander 1st Class. In addition, in 1840, a sprig of gilt oakleaves was authorized as a higher grade of various classes. In 1866, the Knight's Cross was divided into a Knight 1st Class and a Knight 2nd Class, with the Knight 2nd Class being silver instead of gold like the other classes (as with other German orders, gold switched to silver-gilt during World War One).
宰林根雄狮勋章是巴登的主要勋章之一，也是公认最漂亮的德国勋章之一。它设立于1812年12月26日，1866年增设佩剑版。设立之初只有三个级别：大十字级、司令官级和骑士级。1840年司令官级被分为两个级别，新的一级司令官级增加了一枚星芒章。另外，当年还增加了可以附加在任何级别上的金质橡叶饰。1866年，骑士级也被分成一级骑士级和二级骑士级，同时出现了银质版二级骑士级勋章（用白银代替原来的黄金部分这种情况在一战中经常发生，同样运用在其它勋章上）。

一级佩剑司令官级宰林根雄狮勋章及星芒章



As with other Baden orders, sources differ somewhat on the total numbers awarded. The following table shows numbers awarded with swords based on the research of Henning Volle and Erhard Roth.
1866-1918 (Volle) 1914-1918 (Volle) 1914-1918 (Roth)
Grand Cross 65 41 43
Commander 1st Class 82 53 55
Commander 2nd Class with Oakleaves 21 0 1
Commander 2nd Class 174 107 105
Knight 1st Class with Oakleaves 244 138 139
Knight 1st Class 718 525 514
Knight 2nd Class with Oakleaves 1,539 1,504 1,479
Knight 2nd Class 6,754 6,367 6,317:

与其它巴登勋章一样，至今也无法正确地统计出颁发数量。下面是亨宁·沃尔和埃尔哈德·罗斯统计的宰林根雄狮勋章在各个时期的颁发情况。
1866年-1918年（沃宁数字）：65枚大十字级、82枚一级司令官级、21枚橡叶二级司令官级、174枚二级司令官级、244枚橡叶一级骑士级、718枚一级骑士级、1539枚橡叶二级骑士级、6754枚二级骑士级；
1914年-1918年（沃宁数字）：41枚大十字级、53枚一级司令官级、橡叶二级司令官级无人获得、107枚二级司令官级、138枚橡叶一级骑士级、525枚一级骑士级、1504枚橡叶骑士级、6367枚二级骑士级；
1914年-1918年（罗斯数字）：43枚大十字级、55枚一级司令官级、1枚橡叶二级司令官级、105二级司令官级、139橡叶一级骑士级、514一级骑士级、1479橡叶二级骑士级、6317二级骑士级。

一级橡叶佩剑骑士级宰林根雄狮勋章


二级佩剑骑士级宰林根雄狮勋章


Merit Medal of the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order 卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋奖章

一战期间发行的第8版卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋奖章



The Merit Medal of the Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order, also known as the Karl-Friedrich Military Merit Medal (Karl-Friedrich-Militär-Verdienstmedaille) was Baden's highest award bravery for enlisted soldiers and non-commissioned officers. It was established on April 4, 1807, the same day as the MKFVO. It is unusual among German decorations in that it is officially named - the recipient's name was engraved on the reverse. There was a Gold Karl-Friedrich Military Merit Medal, but it was only awarded 119 times, with more than half of these dating to the Napoleonic Wars period, and with the last gold medal awarded in the Franco-Prussian War. The silver medal was awarded 2,792 times: 498 awards in the Napoleonic period (1807-1804), 441 awards between 1814 and 1870, 571 awards during the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) and 1,282 awards in World War One. The medal used the same ribbon as the MKFVO. To avoid confusion when only ribbons were worn, on November 11, 1917 a green enameled wreath was authorized for the MKFVO and gold and silver wreaths for the Karl-Friedrich Military Merit Medal (although no gold medals were actually awarded).
卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋奖章是巴登授予给军士与士兵最高级别的功勋奖章。它与卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋勋章（缩写为MKFVO，下同）同一天设立，即1807年4月4日。奖章的背面刻有获得者的名字。此奖章还有一个金质版，但只颁发了119枚，且半数以上是在反抗拿破仑战争时期授予的，最后一枚金质卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋奖章是在普法战争期间颁发的。而银质的功勋奖章则授予了2792枚：反抗拿破仑战争时期（1804年-1807年）颁发了498枚，1814年至1870年间颁发了441枚，普法战争期间（1870年-71年）授予了571枚，剩下的1282枚全部在一战期间授予。最初奖章的授带与MKFVO所使用的一样。后来为了避免佩戴略表时产生混淆，1917年11月11日新的条例规定，MKFVO的略表上附加绿色珐琅花环，而奖章的略表上附加的是金质或银质花环（虽然普法战争以后再也没有颁发过金质奖章）。

普法战争期间第7版卡尔·弗里德里希军事功勋奖章


Merit Cross of the Order of the Zähringen Lion 宰林根雄狮功勋十字奖章




The Merit Cross of the Order of the Zähringen Lion(German: Verdienstkreuz des Orden vom Zähringer Löwens) was established on April 29, 1889 as a lower grade of the order below the Knight's Crosses. Military recipients were mainly senior non-commissioned officers, especially in various support roles. On September 25, 1914, awards were authorized "for distinguished conduct in the face of the enemy" ("für ausgezeichnetes Verhalten vor dem Feinde"), in which case the Merit Cross was worn on the ribbon of the MKFVO (to avoid confusion, a gilt crowned "F" was authorized on November 13, 1917 as a ribbon device). Various sources differ on the numbers awarded, but just under 2,700 were apparently awarded on the statute ribbon and less than 600 on the ribbon of the MKFVO.

宰林根雄狮功勋十字奖章设立于1889年4月29日，其级别低于宰林根骑士级勋章。获得此奖章的大多是高级军士，尤其是那些从事后勤工作的人员。1914年9月25日，授予标准更改为“在面对敌人时有出色的勇敢行为”，少数情况下此奖章的所使用的略表与MKFVO的略表相同（为了避免混淆，1917年11月13日规定在略表上附加一个配有皇冠的F字样装饰）。
据各方统计，大约有2700枚使用的是标准授带，只有600枚左右采用的是MKFVO授带。


Merit Medals 功勋奖章
大型金质功勋奖章（左边使用了MKFVO授带，右边为标准授带）



The Merit Medals were the basic civil and military merit medals of Baden. Prior to 1866, they were referred to as the Civil Merit Medals, but with the version Grand Duke Friedrich I established on September 30, 1866 the word "Civil" was dropped and military personnel became eligible. During the reigns of Friedrich I and Friedrich II, there were basically three versions: small gold, large gold and silver. When awarded for merit in combat, the Merit Medal was authorized on the ribbon of the MKFVO. During World War One, the silver Merit Medal on the ribbon of the MKFVO was widely awarded, and for enlisted soldiers was basically Baden's equivalent of the Iron Cross 2nd Class.
功勋奖章是巴登授予平民和军人的最基本奖章之一。1866年以前，已有人提出设立平民功勋奖章，但到了1866年9月30日弗里德里希大公设立时，去掉了“平民”二字同时规定符合要求的军人也能获得此奖章。在弗里德里希一世和二世统治期间，此奖章存在三个版本：小型金质版、大型金质版和银质版。授予给战斗人员时，奖章的授带则换成MKFVO授带。一战期间，使用MKFVO授带的银质版奖章被大量颁发，其级别大体与二级铁十字相当。

使用MKFVO授带的银质功勋奖章（左边为第一版，右边为第二版）


Numbers awarded were as follows:
1869-1881 1882-1907 1907-1918
Large Gold on the statute ribbon 54 199 61
Large Gold on the ribbon of the MKFVO - - -
Small Gold on the statute ribbon 403 2,400 1,418
Small Gold on the ribbon of the MKFVO 6 4 395
Silver on the statute ribbon 872 5,738 3,053
Silver on the ribbon of the MKFVO 733 172 >100,000
以下是此奖章的各个版本在各个时期的颁发情况：
1869年-1881年 1882年-1907年 1907年-1918年
大型金质版（标准授带） 54枚 199枚 61枚
大型金质版（MKFVO授带） 无 无 无
小型银质版（标准授带） 403枚 2400枚 1418枚
小型银质版（MKFVO授带） 6枚 4枚 395枚
银质版（标准授带） 872枚 5738枚 3053枚
银质版（MKFVO授带） 733枚 172枚 超过10万枚
小型银质与第一版银质奖章正面为弗里德里希一世头像，大型金质与第二版银质奖章则是弗里德里希二世头像。


小型金质功勋奖章（标准授带）


Order of Fidelity 忠诚勋章



Instituted: 17 June 1715.Discontinued 1918.

设立于1715年6月17日，1918年废除，属于王室勋章。

War Merit Cross 战争功勋十字奖章


The War Merit Cross was issued primarily for activities on the homefront and is comparable to the Prussian Merit Cross for War Aid (Verdienstkreuz für Kriegshilfe).

战争功勋十字奖章授予在战线后方做出突出贡献的人员，类似于普鲁士的战争辅助功勋十字奖章。

Field Service Decoration 前线服役奖章



This was a general service or campaign medal, instituted in 1839 and awarded retroactively back to the Napoleonic Wars. Date bars could be worn on the ribbon to indicate campaign service. There were 18 bars:
1805,1806,1806-1807,1807,1808-1813,1809,1809-1810,1812,1813,1814,1814-1815,1815,1848,1849,1866,1870,1870-1871,1871.
此奖章是一种普通服役章或是战役纪念章，设立于1839年，日期换算则追溯到反抗拿破仑战争期间。在授带上附加日期条表示参加了该次战役。共有18种日期条：
分别为1805，1806，1806-1807，1807，1808-1813，1809，1809-1810，1812，1813，1814，1814-1815，1815，1848，1849，1866，1870，1870-1871，1871。

Cross for Voluntary War Aid 战争志愿援助十字奖章




Instituted: 24 December 1915.
Awarded: For outstanding service in tending the sick and wounded.
设立于1915年12月24日，颁发给在照顾病患时表现优异的人员。

Commemorative Medal for 1849 1849年纪念奖章


This medal commemorated the crushing of the liberal revolution of 1849. Because much of the Baden Army had mutinied and fought on the rebel side, this medal has been called the Brudermordmedaille, somewhat antiseptically translated as "Fratricide Medal."
此奖章授予给参与了镇压1849年独立革命的军事人员。由于当时有大量巴登军队哗变并加入叛乱阵营支持革命，因此也被人称为"弑兄奖章"。

Bronze Jubilee Medal, 1902 铜质1902年版50周年奖章



This medal was issued to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the rule of Grand Duke Friedrich I, who had been regent after 1852 and grand duke since 1856. Another, rarer, medal was also issued for the 50th anniversary of the grand duke's reign in 1906.
此奖章是为了纪念弗里德里希大公执政50周年而设，他从1852年开始摄政，并于1856年成为大公。还有一个更罕见的1906版50周年奖章。

Officer's Long Service Cross 军官长期服役十字奖章



Awarded: For 40 years' service.

授予在军队中服役时间超过40年的军官。

Domestic Servant's Cross for 50 Years Service 50年公共服务十字奖章


Awarded: For 50 years' service.
授予从事公共服务超过50年人员。

黑森-达姆施塔特大公国

Order of Louis 路德维格勋章
大十字级路德维格勋章配发的星芒章


The Order of Louis (German: Ludwigsorden), was an order of the Grand Duchy of Hesse which was awarded to meritorious soldiers and civilians from 1807 to 1918.
路德维格勋章是黑森大公国在1807年至1918年间一种授予给有功士兵与平民的勋章。


The order was founded by Louis I, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine as an order of merit without name or statute on August 25, 1807. On December 14, 1831 statutes were adopted for the order, giving it its formal name, dividing it into five classes, and setting the terms for award.
此勋章由黑森大公路德维格一世于1807年8月25日在没有确切名称与相关条例的情况下设立。1831年12月14日才出台了此勋章的条例，同时确定了勋章的正式名称，勋章共设有五个等级，同时授予要求也是固定的，即越突出的功劳获得越高级别的勋章。

The order became obsolete with the abdication of the last Grand Duke of Hesse in November 1918.
随着1918年12月最后一位黑森大公的退位，该勋章被废除。

大十字级路德维格勋章


Order of Philip the Magnanimous 菲利普慷慨勋章
皇冠佩剑司令官级菲利普慷慨勋章


The Order of Philip the Magnanimous was founded on May 1, 1840 by Grand Duke Ludwig II. In 1849, swords were authorized for awards to military personnel. On May 8, 1893, the provisions for swords were revised. Rather than distinguishing military awards from civilian awards, they would signify bravery or merit in war, and could be earned by civilians as well. Over the course of its existence, other revisions were made to the order, and by the early 1900s, the order came in the following classes: Grand Cross, Commander's Cross 1st Class, Commander's Cross 2nd Class, Honor Cross, Knight's Cross 1st Class and Knight 2nd Class. For each of these classes, a higher grade - "with crown" - was created in 1881. There was also associated with the order a Silver Cross, which could also be awarded with crown.

菲利普慷慨勋章由路德维格二世大公于1840年5月1日设立。1849年增设授予军事人员的佩剑版。1893年5月8日重新对佩剑版作出修正。军人在战场上表现英勇或平民在日常工作中成绩卓著都可获得此勋章，当然授予的版本会不同。20世纪初，勋章又经历了几次小的改动，最后确定为如下等级：大十字级、一级司令官级（与二级司令官级的区别仅在于它附有一枚星芒章）、二级司令官级、荣誉十字级、一级骑士级和二级骑士级。从1881年起，每个级别的勋章都能附加皇冠装饰以表示更高的级别。同时，还有一种银质版，也能附加皇冠。

两种皇冠佩剑司令官级星芒章（佩剑/无剑）


After 1893, most awards of this order to military personnel were without swords. Awards with swords remained uncommon even during World War One, where it might have been expected that they would have become more common. Instead, the grand duchy appears to have relied on its General Honor Decoration and, later, the Warrior Honor Decoration, to reward bravery and military merit.
1893年以后，大多数颁发给军事人员的勋章都是无剑版的。甚至在一战期间，授予佩剑版勋章也是极为罕见的，造成这一现象的原因也许是不希望看到佩剑版勋章过于泛滥。为了代替佩剑饰，黑森大公国设立了普通荣誉奖章，以及后来的英勇荣誉奖章，以表彰获得者的英勇行为及卓越功勋。

荣誉十字级菲利普慷慨勋章


二级骑士级菲利普慷慨勋章


第2版(1859-1918)银质佩剑菲利普慷慨勋章


General Honor Decoration 普通荣誉奖章
“因为勇敢”普通荣誉奖章


The General Honor Decoration, founded in 1843, was the grand duchy's default award for a variety of situations. The obverse was the same, while the reverse differed depending on what the award was for.
普通荣誉奖章设立于1843年，其目的是为了弥补因大公国勋奖章种类不多而造成断层的窘境。各类普通荣誉奖章的正面都相同，区别在于背面刻有获得此奖章的原因。


The following reverses existed during the reign of Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig:

Für Tapferkeit - For Bravery
Für Kriegsverdienste - For War Merit
Für Verdienste - For Merit
Für Treue Dienste - For Faithful Service
Für Langjährige Treue Dienste - For Long-standing Faithful Service
Für Fünfzigjährige Treue Dienste - For 50 Years' Faithful Service
Für Rettung von Menschenleben - For Saving of [a] Human Life
Für Wiederholte Rettung von Menschenleben - For Repeated Saving of Human Life
Für Treue Arbeit - For Faithful Labor

下列是恩斯特·路德维格大公在位时奖章背面的刻词： [l<&eI&ln  
因为勇敢；
因为战争功勋；
因为功绩；
因为忠诚服务；
因为长期忠诚服务；
因为50年忠诚服务；
因为拯救（一人或多人）生命；
因为再次挽救生命；
因为忠诚工作。

The General Honor Decoration was awarded without regard to rank, and the "For Bravery" and "For War Merit" were the grand duchy's standard military awards, equivalent to the Prussian Iron Cross. It was a relatively common award - although limited by statute to subjects of Hesse or to those serving in Hessian units, this was commonly ignored. Also, receipt of the Iron Cross was not a prerequisite. As the archives in Darmstadt were destroyed in the Second World War, it is unknown exactly how many were awarded, but an estimate of 150,000 for the "For Bravery" version has been made.
普通荣誉奖章在授予时不考虑获得者的军衔，其中“因为勇敢”和“因为战争功勋”是大公国标准的军事奖励，基本等同于普鲁士的铁十字勋章。另外，平民也能获得此奖章——虽然获得人群被条例限定为服务于黑森的本地人，不过通常没多少人理会这些。当然了，是不是已经拥有铁十字勋章并不妨碍获得此奖章。由于保存在达姆施塔特的档案在二战中被毁，因此此奖章的精确颁发数字无从知晓，据估计大约颁发了15万枚“因为英勇”版奖章。

The medals were originally made of silver, but as World War One progressed, less expensive materials were used, such as silvered Kriegsmetall.
奖章的材质最初定为银质，但随着战争持续，原材料日益短缺，因此出现了镀银的战时版。

War Honor Decoration 战争荣誉奖章



This small circular decoration would have served as the Iron Cross 2nd Class equivalent for Hesse-Darmstadt. The obverse has the initials "ECE" with a crown over them. On the reverse is "War Honor Medal." The decoration is copper colored.

此奖章相当于黑森-达姆施塔特版的二级铁十字勋章。正面是大写“ECE”字样，字母上还有皇冠装饰。背面刻着“战争荣誉奖章”。整枚奖章呈黄铜色。

Fifteen Year Long Service Award 十五年长期服役奖章


This is a fifteen-year long-service award from Hesse for an unterofficer, which is set up as a one-place decoration. The gilt-toned cross, which has a "XV" on the reverse, is suspended from a court or parade mount cornflower blue ribbon.
此奖章授予给那些在黑森军队中的一个岗位上服役十五年的下级军官。奖章表面镀金，背面刻有罗字数字“十五”字样，在庆典或阅兵等正式场合下通常会加上浅蓝色授带。


Warrior Honor Decoration in Iron 铁质英勇荣誉奖章

具体说明不详。

铁质英勇荣誉奖章证书


Military Medical Cross 1914版军事医疗十字奖章


The Military Cross for medical personnel.

授予军队中的医护人员，另有1870/71版医疗十字奖章。


Order of the Star of Brabant 布拉班特之星勋章
绿松石大司令官级布拉班特之星勋章



Instituted: 14 June 1914.
Grades: 10 (Grand Cross, Grand Commander with Turquoise, Grand Commander 1st Class, Grand Commander 2nd Class, Commander 1st Class, Commander 2nd Class, Honour Cross 1st Class, Honour Cross 2nd Class, Knight 1st Class and Knight 2nd Class).
设立于1914年6月14日，分为大十字级、绿松石大司令官级、一级大司令官级、二级大司令官级、一级司令官级、二级司令官级、一级荣誉十字级、二级荣誉十字级、一级骑士级和二级骑士级共十个等级。

两个级别的荣誉十字级布拉班特之星勋章（左边为一级、右边为二级）


两个级别的骑士级布拉班特之星（左边为一级、右边为二级）


Order of the Golden Lion 金狮勋章


具体说明不详。

Military Merit Cross, 1870-71 普法战争军事功勋十字奖章

具体说明不详。

梅克伦堡-什未林大公国

House Order of the Wendish Crown 温德皇冠家族勋章
大十字级温德皇冠家族勋章及星芒章

The Order of the Wendish (or Wendian) Crown was the highest decoration of the Mecklenburg grand duchies, awarded by both Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz. It was jointly established on May 12, 1864 by Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Grand Duke Friedrich Wilhelm of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. The Wendish Crown served as the house order for both houses, and came in four classes - Grand Cross, Grand Commander, Commander and Knight. There were also Gold and Silver Merit Crosses affiliated with the order.
温德皇冠勋章是梅克伦堡最高级别的勋章，授予范围包括梅克伦堡-什未林和梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨。它是由梅克伦堡-什未林的弗里德里希·弗朗茨二世大公和梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨的弗里德里希·威廉大公于1864年5月12日共同设立。作为这两个家族的家族勋章，共设有四个级别：大十字级、大司令官级、司令官级和骑士级。同时还有由此衍生出的金质和银质功勋十字勋章。

The designs for both houses were essentially the same. The only differences were the grand ducal ciphers for the founders on the reverse of the center medallion and the motto appearing around the crown on the obverse of the center medallion. For Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the cipher was "FF" and the inscription was "Per Aspera ad Astra" ("Through striving, to the stars"), while for Mecklenburg-Strelitz, it was "FW" and "Avito Viret Honore" ("He flourishes on the honor of his ancestors").
两个家族所颁发的勋章大体相同。唯一的不同在于章体正中的刻字和围绕着皇冠的那圈铭文。梅克伦堡-什未林所颁发的正中刻着“FF”，那圈铭文为“Per Aspera ad Astra”（昨日努力奋斗，换来今天的成功），而梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨颁发的勋章正中刻的是“FW”，铭文则是“Avito Viret Honore”（光宗耀祖，无上荣光）。

使用挂链的大十字级温德皇冠家族勋章

According to research by Eric Ludvigsen, there were 2,154 awards of all classes of the house order between its founding and the Grand Dukes' abdication in 1918, with about three quarters of these being from Mecklenburg-Strelitz. This number includes the two Merit Crosses, which together account for 40-45% of awards.
据埃里克·路德维格森的统计，从创立之初到1918年大公退位，共颁发了2154枚各级别的此家族勋章，其中梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨占了其中的四分之三。上述数字包括了两种功勋十字勋章，它们约占了总数的40-45%。

Other than several general officers, various princes and several adjutants to princes, the 1914 rank list shows very few German army officers as members of the house order on the eve of war, and few awards were made during the war (and then generally only to the same classes of people close to the courts in Strelitz and Schwerin). According to the 1914 rank lists, outside of royals, only two officers in the two Mecklenburg brigades held the order, both in the grade of Knight. These were Generalmajor Graf von Schimmelmann, commanding general of the 17th Cavalry Brigade, and Major von Warnstedt, on the staff of the 89th Grenadier Regiment (by way of comparison, some 14 officers in the 89th Grenadiers held various grades of the Order of the Griffin). To these may be added the division chaplain of the 17th Division, Floerke, and an adjutant to the commander of the IX Army Corps, Rittmeister von Behr, who also both held the Knight's grade. In addition, all four Oberzahlmeisters of the 89th Grenadiers and 90th Fusiliers held the Merit Cross (three Gold and one Silver).
此勋章一般只授予少数将级军官、众多亲王及少数亲王的副官，据1914年的一份文件显示，在战争爆发前很少见到有德军军官获得此家族勋章，战争期间也只是少量颁发（后来什未林和史特雷利茨都规定所有颁发的勋章都为同一级别）。那份1914年的名单上记载，除了王室成员，只有两位旅级军官获得过此勋章，皆为骑士级。一位是第17骑兵旅少将旅长冯·施梅尔曼伯爵，另一位是第89掷弹兵旅参谋冯·沃姆斯德特少校（顺便提一下，该部有14名军官被授予各级别的格里芬勋章）。除了以上两位，还有师级人员获得过此勋章，一位是第17师随军牧师弗尔克，另一位是第9军指挥官冯·贝尔骑士，他们获得的也是骑士级。此外，还有4名第89掷弹兵旅和第90燧发枪团的军需官获得了功勋十字奖章（三金一银）。

佩剑骑士级温德皇冠家族勋章

Another officer, Hauptmann Erich von Langenn-Steinkeller of the Schutztruppe für Deutsch-Ostafrika, was a Knight of both the Wendian Crown and the Griffin Orders, and held the Mecklenburg-Schwerin Military Merit Cross 2nd Class as well. He was the German resident in Bujumbura in what is now Burundi three times, in 1909 and from 1911 to 1913 and 1915 to 1916. Ndqhc  
这里介绍一名军官，来自德属东非警备部队的豪普特曼·埃里希·冯·兰格-斯坦凯勒，获得了温德皇冠勋章和格里芬勋章，同时还被授予二级梅克伦堡-什未林军事功勋十字勋章。他曾于1909年、1911年至1913年、1915年至1916年间三次担任布琼布拉（现改名为布隆迪）总督。

金质功勋十字勋章

Order of the Griffin 格里芬勋章

大十字级格里芬勋章及星芒章




The Order of the Griffin was primarily an award of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. The Strelitz equivalent was rarely awarded. However, in 1904 the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was made a co-Grand Master and joint statutes were enacted. Approximately 75-80% of awards were from Mecklenburg-Schwerin. It came in the following classes: Grand Cross, Commander's Cross, Honor Cross (also known as the Officer's Cross), Knight's Cross with Crown and Knight's Cross.
格里芬勋章主要由梅克伦堡-什未林颁发，虽然在1914年梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨大公也颁布条例将此勋章纳入自己的勋章体系中，但所授予的数量仍少之又少。因此大约有75-80%的格里芬勋章是由梅克伦堡-什未林所颁发。此勋章分为以下几个级别：大十字级、司令官级、荣誉十字级（也被称为“军官十字级”）、皇冠骑士级和骑士级。

格里芬勋章授带

As noted above in the discussion of the Order of the Wendish Crown, the order was relatively commonly awarded pre-war. It was rarely awarded for bravery (in various campaigns, Mecklenburg-Schwerin had its Military Merit Cross to fill that role while for the Franco-Prussian War, Mecklenburg-Strelitz had its Cross for Distinction in War).
与上文中的温德皇冠勋章一样，格里芬勋章也在战前广泛地颁发。不过很少有因为作战勇敢而被授予此勋章的例子（因为梅克伦堡垒-什未林在普法战争期间就设立了军事功勋十字勋章，而梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨也设有类似的战功奖章）。

司令官级格里芬勋章

荣誉十字级格里芬勋章

皇冠骑士级格里芬勋章

Military Merit Cross 军事功勋十字勋章
一级军事功勋十字勋章

The Military Merit Cross (Militärverdienstkreuz) was established by Friedrich Franz II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin on August 5, 1848.
军事功勋十字勋章由梅克伦堡-什未林大公弗里德里希·弗朗茨二世于1848年8月5日设立。

In several respects, Mecklenburg-Schwerin's Military Merit Cross was patterned after the Prussian Iron Cross. Both came in two classes, a pinback 1st Class and a 2nd Class worn from a ribbon, both were awarded without regard to rank (most other orders and medals of both states were awarded in different classes based on the rank or status of the recipient), and both were awarded for specific campaigns, as indicated by a date on the bottom arm of the cross. However, there were more versions of the Mecklenburg cross than of the Prussian cross (which was only awarded by Prussia in the Napoleonic Wars, the Franco-Prussian War and World War I, and by Nazi Germany in World War II).
此勋章与普鲁士的铁十字勋章有太多的共同之处。它们都设有两个级别、一级章用背后的别针佩戴而二级章用授带悬挂在衣服上，在授予时都不考虑获得者的军衔（当时大多数别的州所设立的奖章都是依照军衔颁发的），两者都在章体上刻着日期以表示在重大战役时授予。因此出现了众多版本的军事功勋十字勋章，其种类甚至超过了铁十字勋章（后者只有1813、1870、1914和1939共四个版本）。

二级军事功勋十字勋章

The first versions were dated 1848 and 1849, and awarded for merit in the First War of Schleswig and in the suppression of the German Revolution of 1848-49 (some Mecklenburg troops were sent to Baden in 1849 while others remained in the fighting in Schleswig). In 1859, some Mecklenburg observers and Austrian officers were decorated for merit during the Second Italian War of Independence. The next version was dated 1864, and recognized merit in the Second War of Schleswig, also called the German-Danish War. Mecklenburg-Schwerin's participation on the side of Prussia and other north German states in the Austro-Prussian War led to the next version, dated 1866.
第一版授予给在第一次什未林战争中镇压起义有功人员（1849年有部分梅克伦堡军队调到了巴登，剩下的则在什未林作战），章体上刻有1848和1849字样。1859年，在第二次意大利独立战争期间，（1859版）此勋章颁发给了部分梅克伦堡观察员和奥地利军官。下一个版本出现于1864年的第二次什未林战争，那次战争也被称为普丹战争。1866年版的勋章产生于普奥战争期间（也就是开头所说的“七周战争”），当时梅克伦堡-什未林与其它德意志北部邦一起，与普鲁士站在同一阵营中。

An 1870 version was created for the Franco-Prussian War, where Mecklenburg troops fought as part of the 17. Division. In this war, a number of officers and soldiers received both the Iron Cross and the Mecklenburg-Schwerin Military Merit Cross.
1870版的出现是由于普法战争，梅克伦堡军队作为第17师的一部分参加了这次战争。战争期间，有许多官兵既获得了铁十字勋章又得到了军事功勋十字勋章。

The next version was dated 1877. This was not awarded to Mecklenburgers (except for a few military observers), but to Russians and Romanians in the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). Certain German states, especially Mecklenburg-Schwerin, were sympathetic to the Russian and Romanian cause, and had dynastic connections to both states. Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II's grandmother was Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia, his daughter was married to Tsar Alexander II of Russia's son, and his son and heir, Friedrich Franz III, would marry Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia in 1879. The Romanian royal family was a branch of the Hohenzollerns, the ruling house of Prussia and the newly created German Empire.
第六种1877版并没有颁发梅伦堡人（极少数军事观察员除外），授予对象是参加了俄土战争（1877年-1878年）的俄国人和罗马尼亚人。作为德意志的成员，尤其是梅克伦堡-什未林，因与这两国的皇室关系非同寻常，所以非常支持俄国与罗马尼亚的行动。他们的关系到底有多亲近呢，看下面的介始吧：弗里德里希·弗朗茨二世大公的祖母就是俄国的埃琳娜·巴甫洛夫娜公主；他的女儿则嫁给了沙皇亚历山大二世的儿子；自已的儿子，弗里德里希·弗朗茨三世，于1879年迎娶了俄国的阿纳斯塔西娅·米哈伊洛夫娜公主。而罗马尼亚皇室由于是霍亨索伦家族的分支，与普鲁士以及后来的德意志帝国的关系就不用多说了。

A version dated 1900 was struck for Mecklenburgers who had distinguished themselves in the Boxer Rebellion of 1900-01. An undated version was then created, which was awarded for merit in various colonial conflicts of the first decade of the 20th century, including the Herero Wars (a series of brutal conflicts where some Germans displayed great bravery in fighting guerrillas from the Herero and other tribes, while other Germans perpetrated what has come to be seen as the genocide of the Herero people).
1900版授予给参加了1900-01年八国联军的梅克伦堡人。晚些时候出现了“无日期”版，授予对象为在20世纪最初十年间在德属各个殖民地上战斗的人员，其中包括参加了赫雷罗战争的人员（在与赫雷罗及其他部落一连串残酷斗争中表现出非凡勇气以及在对赫雷罗种族屠杀中表现出色人员）。

Germany entered World War I in the first days of August 1914. On February 28, 1915, Friedrich Franz IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, reauthorized the Military Merit Cross. The new version was dated 1914 and awards were made retroactively to the beginning of the war. Both classes of the Military Merit Cross continued to be awarded throughout the war, both to Mecklenburgers and to soldiers of other German states and German allies. Upon Friedrich Franz IV's abdication in November 14, 1918, the Military Merit Cross became obsolete. It continued to be permitted for wear by those who had received it through the Weimar era, the Third Reich and in West Germany (it is unclear whether East Germany permitted the wear of any Imperial German decorations).
德国于1914年8月1日参加一次大战。1915年2月28日，梅克伦堡-什未林的弗里德里希·弗朗茨四世大公宣布恢复军事功勋十字勋章。新版本刻有1914字样，同时对战功统计提前到了战争之初。此勋章一直颁发至停战，且授予对象扩大为所有德国士兵。1918年11月14日弗里德里希·弗朗茨四世退位，勋章亦被废除。魏玛时期、第三帝国时期甚至西德仍允许公开佩戴此勋章（不清楚东德是否允许佩戴德皇时期的奖章）。

In all its versions, the Mecklenburg-Schwerin Military Merit Cross was a bronze gilt cross pattée ins design, similar to the Iron Cross but with slightly narrower arms. The obverse bore a crown on the upper arm, the initials of Friedrich Franz in the center, and the date (except for the colonial version) at the bottom of the lower arm. The reverse of the 2nd Class bore the legend "Für Auszeichnung im Kriege" ("For distinction in the war"). The reverse of the 1st Class, a pinback cross (Steckkreuz), was blank.
各个版本的军事功勋十字勋章都是铜质，表面镀金，造型与铁十字勋章十分相近，但前者的十字臂更加纤细。章体正面上部有一个皇冠图案，正中是弗里德里希·弗朗茨的首字母大写FF，再往下刻着日期（殖民地版除外）。二级勋章的背面有铭文“Für Auszeichnung im Kriege”（因为战功）。一级勋章的背面只有别针。

The ribbon was light blue with narrow edge stripes of yellow and red (with the red stripes on the outside). For awards to non-combatants, the same cross was worn, but the ribbon was changed to red with light blue and yellow edge stripes.
此勋章的授带为浅蓝色，边沿是黄红相间窄条纹（红色在外侧）。授予给非战斗人员时，授带则换成红色，加沿为浅蓝和黄条纹。

Third Class Long Service Cross 三级长期服役十字奖章

A scarce Third Class Service Cross for nine years service in the Army of Mecklenburg-Schwerin for an enlisted man. This bronze-toned cross has the cypher of Franz Friedrich of Mecklenburg- Schwerin on one side and the Roman numerals IX on the other. A crisp looking ribbon in yellow, light blue, and magenta.
这枚罕见的三级长期服役十字奖章颁发给在梅克伦保-什未林军队中服役超过9年的士兵。奖章为铜质，正面有弗里德里希·弗朗茨的名字，背面则是罗马数字“IX”（九）字样。授带为红紫色，黄和浅蓝镶边。

梅克伦堡-史特雷利茨大公国

House Order of the Wendish Crown 温德皇冠家族勋章
前文已有介始，故不再赘述。

Order of the Griffin 格里芬勋章
前文已有介绍，故不再赘述。


Cross for Distinction in War 战争荣誉十字勋章

The Cross for Distinction in War was established by Grand Duke Friedrich Wilhelm on March 10, 1871. It was awarded without regard to rank for bravery and military merit and as such may be considered the grand duchy's equivalent of the Iron Cross 2nd Class. Also like the Iron Cross, it was established as a specific wartime award rather than a general military decoration. Thus, awards of this version were only for the Franco-Prussian War. A total of 269 were awarded with the inscription "Tapfer und Treu" ("Brave and Loyal") and 14 with the inscription "Für Tapferkeit" ("For Bravery"). Along with one to the Grand Duke himself, all of the latter went to officers, and none below the rank of Major.
战争荣誉十字勋章由弗里德里希·威廉大公于1871年3月10日设立。授予对象为任何作战勇敢和战功卓著的官兵，其级别等同于二级铁十字勋章。与铁十字勋章一样，按有关规定，战时颁发的战争荣誉十字勋章高于其他普通军事奖章。此勋章的第一版出现于普法战争时期，总共授予了269枚背面铭文为“Tapfer und Treu”（勇敢忠诚）和14枚背面刻有“Für Tapferkeit”（因为勇敢）的勋章。获得者除大公自己以外，全部为军官，且军衔皆为少校以上。

The decoration was renewed by Grand Duke Adolf Friedrich VI on August 11, 1914. The date "1914" was added to the lower cross arm. During World War One and through May 31, 1924, when retroactive awards ceased, a reported 8,131 crosses were awarded with the inscription "Tapfer und Treu" ("Brave and Loyal") and 25 with the inscription "Für Tapferkeit" ("For Bravery") (based on a study by Peter Ohm-Hieronymussen). All of the latter were to royals or very senior officers (the lowest ranking recipient was then-Generalleutnant Erich Ludendorff). The cross could be awarded on the non-combatant's ribbon, usually referred to as the "red ribbon" (as the colors of the combatant's ribbon were reversed, with red predominating). Research by Neal O'Connor indicated that there were 470 awards "on the red ribbon," but it is unclear whether they were included with or in addition to the 8,131 that Ohm-Hieronymussen cites. There was also, according to O'Connor, a list of 127 women (with one name crossed out) who received the award, presumably for homefront merit in support of the war effort, but again it is unclear whether these are part of the 8,131.
1914年8月11日，阿道夫·弗里德里希六世大公宣布恢复此勋章。新版本的十字臂上刻有1914字样。自一战期间至1924年5月31日停止颁发为止，据彼得·欧姆-海诺马森的统计，一共授予了8131枚“Tapfer und Treu”（勇敢忠诚）和25枚“Für Tapferkeit”（因为勇敢）。其获得者全为王室成员和高级军官（获得者中最低军衔的是埃里希·鲁登道夫中将）。此十字勋章也能授予给非战斗人员，不过使用的是“红色授带”（以红色为主，颜色与战斗人员版的相反）。据尼尔·奥康纳统计，共颁发了470枚“红授带”版勋章，不过不清楚海诺马森所统计的8131枚里面有没有把这470枚包括在内。奥康纳的数字还显示有127名女性也被授予了“红授带”版（其中一人后被剔除），估计应是在后方努力工作而获得此勋章的，另外，同样不清楚这127枚是否在8131枚之内。

On January 1, 1915, Grand Duke Adolf Friedrich VI established a 1st Class version of the cross, about which see below.
1915年1月1日，阿道夫·弗里德里希六世大公又设立了一级战争荣誉十字勋章，具体说明见下文。

战争荣誉十字勋章（使用非战斗人员版授带）

Cross 1st Class for Distinction in War 一级战争荣誉十字勋章

The Cross 1st Class for Distinction in War was established on January 1, 1915 as a higher class of the Cross for Distinction in War (there had been no 1st Class of the Franco-Prussian War version). Like the Iron Cross 1st Class, it was a pinback cross awarded without regard to rank. It was awarded for "repeated acts of outstanding bravery before the enemy" ("wiederholte hervorragende Tapferkeit vor dem Feinde"). According to O'Connor's research, 419 appear to have been awarded (the role shows five names crossed out, leaving 414, but whether the awards were revoked or improperly recorded, or whether, as in some German states, awards to Jews were removed during the Nazi era, is unknown).
一级战争荣誉十字勋章设于1915年1月1日，其级别高于战争荣誉十字勋章（普法战争时并没有一级勋章）。大致于一级铁十字勋章相当，在授予时同样不考虑军衔高低。其授予标准为“在面对敌人时多次表现出非凡的勇气”。奥康纳从各类出版物中统计出共有419人被授予此勋章（另有记录表明其中有5人被除名，只剩414人。原因可能是由于这些获得者有不良记录，也可能是在纳粹执政时收回的，因为获得者是犹太人，具体原因不详）。

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